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How Russian Scientists Kept a Dog's Severed Head Alive!

severed dogs headPhoto:
image via Wikipedia

Can a head live without a body? The answer should be simple: yes, but only for a little while. Scientists say that the brain continues to function for about two minutes after the heart stops. But can a lopped off head continue to survive after being completely severed from the body?

Many would say no. However, it was widely reported in the media, that a Soviet scientist in the late 1920s by the name of Sergei Brukhonenko actually managed to keep the severed head of a dog alive. The dog’s head was reportedly connected to a primitive heart-lung machine called an “autojector” (or that’s what the inventor dubbed it). The device supposedly gives the head everything it needs to maintain life. Below is an illustrative video of how it’s meant to work (the actual video follows).

Brukhonenko presented a similar experiment in 1928 at an international scientific conference, at the Third Congress of Psysiologists of the USSR. However, his science has often been questioned. As proof of his dog experiment and to show that the head wasn’t just part of the corpse, a video follows where Brukhonenko does a series of tests. He shines a light in dog’s eyes making it blink. He hits the table with a hammer and the dog’s head reacts. And last but not least, to make things even more gross, he feeds the dog head a small piece of cheese, which lands on the table at the other end of the esophageal tube. Enjoy!

From that day forward controversy and speculation traveled the world over. Scientists divided in two camps: those who accepted the medical possibility and those who were skeptical. The latter suggest that the film may be just pure Soviet propaganda or simply medically impossible. What is interesting however, is that many physicians actually gave credit to Brukhonenko’s experiment, legitimizing the whole affair. So what do you think? Will we be able to replicate those live-heads off Futurama? Sources: 1, 2, 3, 4

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Adrian (not verified) says:

Holly Fuck!!!!!!!!!!

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Jennifer (not verified) says:

EricaVee

You and anyone else who thinks this is ok is disgusting. Who are we to take life into our own hands and mess with it. Cruelty is a good word to describe this. Does this poor animal feel any pain, confusion, distress?

Erica and others like you.... I hope no one ever experiments on you.

Personally, I don't believe that one life is more precious than another. No matter what species. But that's just me.

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Stan (not verified) says:

"“Oh shut the hell up. I get so tired of seeing people so empathetic to an animal but seem to miss the boat on opportunity to reciprocate this emotion to a fellow man. This “being” is already dead and this is an experiment in the name of progression of science. What if this research led inadvertently to the preservation of thousands of human lives? Or even one of your family members? Take your empathy and shove it, people that make these statements are oversensitive and under rational. "

Ok, so next time an experiment like this is done, you volunteer?, The experiments in concentration camps were ok?, you hypocrite.

"I think this would be hard to do, yes. But it was done for science. THERE IS NOTHING WRONG WITH THIS… I would kill 10000 dogs if it ment 1 human wouldnt die. I would kill 10000 of just about any animal (assuming they wont die out as a direct result of my killing)"

EVERYTHING is wrong with this, if you don't see that, you're a sick sadistic bastard, nothing better than people like ted bundy, jeffery dahmer, albert fish and the like.

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tommy (not verified) says:

this is a hoax. why is it only now that there is info on this? kind of strange how good the audio and the video is for a video that was made in "1928". I call shenanigans

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will (not verified) says:

i doubt they killed the dog for the sake of the experiment, it was probobly donated after death by somone. and as for the head there was still part of the neck attached accounting for that movement. The head did not "lift off the table", but jerked to a certain extent. Nothing earth shattering here, just basic physiology.

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rr (not verified) says:

My question is why did a Soviet scientist have citric acid with an English label?

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Colecoman1982 (not verified) says:

I've been seeking more info about this after hitting upon a reference to it while looking into whether the disembodied head thing from Futurama was possible/being researched in real life. From what I've seen, there is little doubt that the experiments actually took place but it is also very likely that the video is mocked up in order to be much more impressive than the actual results. Supposedly, the video talks about the dog's head living on for hours while, in real life, he only managed to extend the dogs life by minutes. Still impressive, but, apparently, not good enough for Soviet propaganda machine so they decided to embellish the facts.

The fact that it only worked for a little while makes sense when you think about it as this machine only acts as an artificial heart and lung. There are a lot of other nutrients that need to be supplied to the head as well as waste that need to be removed from the blood in order to, truly, replace the body. What, really, amazes me is that this was done with 1920's technology. Imagine what we could do today with all the things we've learned, since then, about the human body and technology.

I see this as being a possible option for quadriplegics as well as people that want to live longer. My understanding is that the primary reason many quadriplegics die so young is that the paralyzed parts of their body end up killing them due to lack of use. This should eliminate that problem entirely. As far as living longer goes, this should eliminate the chance of premature death due to failing organs (with the exception of the brain, of course). It should also mean that even though the brain gets old it can still receive the optimal amount of nutrients/oxygen at an age where even organs that don't fail tend to severely under perform.

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jenjen (not verified) says:

Actually, there was a patent granted for this in 1987. The account I read of this (which I can no longer find) indicated that the "inventor" was so horrified at the prospect that this was now possible that he patented the process so that he could refuse anyone the right to do it lest it infringe his intellectual property. Presumably the Russian experiment had been debunked or used sufficiently outdated technology so as not to be considered prior art. Read the full text of the patent (complete with goofy diagrams) at Google Patents: http://www.google.com/patents/about?id=DxktAAAAEBAJ&dq=4666425
Also note the fun name of the "company" the guy used - Dis Corporation. As in discorporation, or detachment from the body. Har har.

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Iris (not verified) says:

THIS IS SICK!

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Daniel Davis (not verified) says:

Which conceit was the plot hinge in the second "X-Files" movie. My wife was creeped out by it, and she normally likes horror movies.

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Tips Photo (not verified) says:

This was interesting and disturbing all at the same time.

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Tulli (not verified) says:

Mary Shelly's Frankenstien anyone?

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Jared (not verified) says:

Disturbing, yet strangly interesting.

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pat (not verified) says:

everyone's whinging and whining about how this is so "cruel" and about how the scientists is a "monster" don't forget this was in the 1920's, about 60 years before PETA existed thats for sure. hell you could still hit a woman in those days and no one would bat an eye lid.

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Scott (not verified) says:

Okay, seriously. Where would the neck muscles attach? And the tongue? You do realize that muscles work by shortening while attached to two bones, right? Also, in addition to circulatory problems, no animal can survive being severed from its spinal cord.

Anyone who thought this was real needs to take an anatomy class.

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Toby (not verified) says:

Ethical questions aside, the possibility would exist.
I would consider it unlikely in 1998 let alone 1928. If you look at the picture, there does appear to be a bit of neck present. If it was a head severed at the foramen magnum, the head would be much shorter than what is pictured and would likely try to lie fairly vertical as opposed to being on the side.
If the muscles were attached to neck, it could allow some movement. I do agree that the given range of motion would imply and even necessitate the attachment of the muscles to the lower neck and shoulders. I would further agree that the dog is likely sedated and under the table. Any cheese dropping through the esophageal tube would likely be a trick Ala Penn and Teller.

I could easily see this as propaganda. Either it was intended as Soviet propaganda demonstrating their scientific advances or as US/UK sponsored reverse propaganda demonstrating their unethical and monstrous ways.

Simply put, possible but EXTREMELY unlikely. I don't buy it for a minute.
I wont even get into organic functions such as liver, kidney etc.

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EricaVee (not verified) says:

"Oh shut the hell up. I get so tired of seeing people so empathetic to an animal but seem to miss the boat on opportunity to reciprocate this emotion to a fellow man. This “being” is already dead and this is an experiment in the name of progression of science. What if this research led inadvertently to the preservation of thousands of human lives? Or even one of your family members? Take your empathy and shove it, people that make these statements are oversensitive and under rational. Think with your head when appropriate and not your heart. Because it’s often your heart which causes you to go to war, not your head.

PETA by the way, and admittedly off topic, is an organization of people with too much time and money. I personally condemn a majority of animal rights activists actions. Such as their outrage at the scene in “I am Legend” where the dog is off camera and implicated as killed. This was enough to unleash a media response. Shut the hell up. How much more reason do we need give the rest of the world to laugh at our pointlessness and extravagance?"

My thoughts exactly! I applaud you.

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Temporis (not verified) says:

That's nothing! I understand that Russian scientists later recovered Hitler's head, which was subjected to the same treatment before being transplanted onto one of Stalin's super-gorilla/human hybrid warriors!

Not really. But that would be SO DAMN COOL, wouldn't it?

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shawnnav@msn.com (not verified) says:

Thats so amazing, Really is somthing aint it

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Daniel (not verified) says:

I think it's a hoax. How could a head move without the help of the neck muscles?

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TN (not verified) says:

Wow, that was disturbing. In a sort of cool way.

Poor dog though.

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ashabot (not verified) says:

ABOMINABLE. This is torture of the worst nature. Oh my god. This man is a beast. That poor creature. This is wholly illegitimate. The experimenter should himself be the one being experiment on not any other living being. To do this to another living being is to become a monster.

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foopswalla (not verified) says:

It is not a severed head. The indicator is the movement of the head during the tests. If the head was severed, it could not lift up, twist, etc. It is attached to the dog's neck under the table. The neck moves the head. Otherwise it would just lay there like a grapefruit.

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Che (not verified) says:

dude that is amazing

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Alex (not verified) says:

Next, we'll see Mars Attacks copycats.

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Waldo (not verified) says:

That is horrid!

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Scott (not verified) says:

So were these "scientists" killed in a horrible manner or were they simply shot dead?

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medussa (not verified) says:

es horrible...deberian prohibir de una vez la experimentacion con animales.

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Chapu (not verified) says:

Hay que ser hijodeputa para hacerle eso a un perro. Eso no es ciencia. Es puro morbo

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dragon (not verified) says:

this is a perfect example of science going to far.
doesn't your heart tell you that this is wrong to do to animals or any other living being?
sure we made allot of discoveries from the horrors we have created through history,but isn't enough,enough?
you should respect what you eat, your pets and life.
it would be one thing if they were treating an ailment,but they are creating the harm.
reason itself isn't always right*.
wake up people-this is sickness!

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wilbert (not verified) says:

I so agree with Daniel. The head could possibly move without the help of the neck muscles. That's very smart Daniel.

I think it’s a hoax. How could a head move without the help of the neck muscles?

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icelander (not verified) says:

Are U kidding me! It is obviously a hoax. There is no lung, where does the blood get oxygen and get rid of CO2. The dog reacts and gets anxious and starts to breath faster and move, the "machines" which are connected with him cannot respond to different hormonal strength. It Makes no sense if it would be a severed head attached to machines it would not move this normally. Maybe be alive in a coma. LAME!!!

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brian (not verified) says:

A few points:
- a brain consumes 20% of a body's glucose and oxygen. Even a slight variance causes coma and death.
- toxins must be removed from the blood constantly. Mammals can not survive even a short time without a liver.
- the brain uses two fluids: blood and CSF (Cereberal Spinal Fluid) which fills the brain's ventricles. The pressure between the two has to be homeostatically balanced very exactingly or death occurs. The video makes no mention of CSF.
- CN XI (Cranial Nerve 11), which coordinates head and neck movements, originates in the brainstem and the spinal cord. No spinal cord, no accessory movements of neck-head muscles.

I remain skeptical.

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Julie (not verified) says:

I was really disturbed by this, but I do think now it is a hoax. The head wouldn't be able to move without neck muscles, which would have to be anchored to a body. Plus they don't show the underside of the table or the back of the head.

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jakedb (not verified) says:

This is disgusting it actually made me partially vomit in my mouth,
if this is the evolution of man i defiantly do not want to be part of it.

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Erniez13 (not verified) says:

An American scientist did this with a monkey head back in the 60s or 70s I believe. I've seen the footage of that experiment - so it's totally possible. Amazing that this dude managed to do this way back when in the 20s however!

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Javier (not verified) says:

I booked Linda Lovelace head...just by the way...

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alan (not verified) says:

This is a hoax! Right up there with the supposed moon landing.

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Than (not verified) says:

As a grown man, with a family, and a dog of my own, this video made me weep--hoax or not.

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Vicki (not verified) says:

Humans always have to stick their fucking noses into nature, In my opinion those experiments are very immoral and unnatural and I absolutely do not agree with them. Just take a look at those pictures and think about, what kind of diabolical creature would do that, to me this is extremely wrong... Only humans could do such a thing...
Testing on animals doesn't give us any good outcomes because their reactions, bodies, nerve system and everything else is totally different to ours so there is no way that we can get good outcomes out of testing on animals.

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jojo (not verified) says:

Menuda trola. What a lie!!

El único que realmente ha hecho experimentos de trasplante de cabezas, con simios y no con perros, es el Dr. White. Eso sí es real, no esta chorrada.

The only one who actually experimented with heads transplants was Dr. White, but he did it with apes, not dogs. That's true, not this nonsense.

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Lisa Brown (not verified) says:

In addition to the points already made, I'd like to mention that the camera never shows the entire contraption. Except at the beginning, when there is an establishing shot that *seems* to show a beheaded dog, all other shots are so close up that you can't see what is beyond the dog's neck. This could VERY easily be a manipulation -- as simple as a hole in a table with the dog's head sticking out, and a box under the table that holds the dog's (attached) body.

This is very clearly a hoax, but what we don't see on the film are the many dogs the experimenter probably killed before he realized that keeping a dog's head alive is impossible.

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omg (not verified) says:

ABOMINABLE. This is torture of the worst nature. Oh my god. This man is a beast. That poor creature. This is wholly illegitimate. The experimenter should himself be the one being experiment on not any other living being. To do this to another living being is to become a monster.

Oh shut the hell up. I get so tired of seeing people so empathetic to an animal but seem to miss the boat on opportunity to reciprocate this emotion to a fellow man. This "being" is already dead and this is an experiment in the name of progression of science. What if this research led inadvertently to the preservation of thousands of human lives? Or even one of your family members? Take your empathy and shove it, people that make these statements are oversensitive and under rational. Think with your head when appropriate and not your heart. Because it's often your heart which causes you to go to war, not your head.

PETA by the way, and admittedly off topic, is an organization of people with too much time and money. I personally condemn a majority of animal rights activists actions. Such as their outrage at the scene in "I am Legend" where the dog is off camera and implicated as killed. This was enough to unleash a media response. Shut the hell up. How much more reason do we need give the rest of the world to laugh at our pointlessness and extravagance?

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bchelle (not verified) says:

Thats horrible, though there's no way that's even possible. Plus, wouldn't the dog be in excruciating pain?

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zstart (not verified) says:

This is absolutely impossible. The dog's head wouldn't be capable to move without a neck. there would be lots of blood pouring from the neck cut. It is impossible to the dog's head to swallow without the neck muscles and bones. Obviously the dog is sedated and his body is under the table. We are in the 21St century now and we know this is not possible, at least with those 1930's rudimentary machinery.

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Hannah (not verified) says:

ashabo-
LOL.
I love bleeding heart.
Advancing techology is realllly ABOMINABLE.

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Matt (not verified) says:

This is actually a real experiment done by sick people, i did about it in my medical science diploma. Special artificial conditions were created to power the head with arterial and venous pumps. This disturbing Russian experiment helped scientist around the world to create artificial organs that are used by many medical institutes.

but i feel its science gone too far, it is sick.

...that poor animal

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theguywithabrain (not verified) says:

I think this would be hard to do, yes. But it was done for science. THERE IS NOTHING WRONG WITH THIS... I would kill 10000 dogs if it ment 1 human wouldnt die. I would kill 10000 of just about any animal (assuming they wont die out as a direct result of my killing)

I think this could be a hoax, the head does move a bit. The motion doesnt seem impossible tho... to me, it seems like he left a good part of the neck intact, so maybe.

I just hate how people jump up and down about horrible this is...

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Diane (not verified) says:

This is evil. May that man rot in hell for what he did to this dog and other animals.

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Dany (not verified) says:

Feelin' sick seeing this. Hope this is just propaganda.

But i think this is a fake. The camera was mounted to fake the consciousness. And: No blood nowhere?