The Skull Cathedral of Otranto: Where the Bones of 800 Martyrs Adorn the Walls

3 years ago People

The altar piece with skulls at Otranto CathedralPhoto:
Image: Laurent Massoptier

Before dismissing the image as yet another pretty picture of a medieval church, take a closer look. Yes, those are skulls! Instead of the usual altar pictures, there’s a wall of skulls, displayed prominently for the church congregation. Meet the martyrs of Otranto Cathedral in Italy’s Apulia region…

The year was 1480 and the fateful day July 28 when a fleet of 70 to 200 Ottoman ships reached the city of Otranto, then part of the Kingdom of Naples. It was the beginning of the Ottoman wars (1453-1683) in Europe and invader Mohammed II had conquered Constantinople just 28 years earlier. The garrison and the citizens took cover in the Castle of Otranto but as it had no cannons for defense, it was soon conquered and the garrison killed.

On August 12, 800 citizens were taken to the hill of Minerva, now called the Hill of the Martyrs, and beheaded because they refused to renounce their Catholic faith. Their remains were taken to the cathedral and the skulls preserved in the altar piece as a prominent reminder of these 800 martyrs.

The Madonna in front of the skullsPhoto:
Image: Andreas C.

The Ottoman Wars were motivated by territory gains and eradicating the Christian faith while spreading the Muslim one. Sound familiar? Just 200 hundred years earlier, the Christian Crusades (1095-1291) had led to an invasion of Northern Africa, with the crusaders’ goal to claim territory and eradicate the Muslim faith while spreading the Christian one. And the saga continues…

Otranto today, a tranquil Mediterranean village:
Otranto, Puglia, ItalyPhoto:
Image: Freddy Ballo

Source: 1, 2, 3, 4

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Old Comments

Mustafa says

Feb 20th, 2010 at 12am
20-02-2010 15:25 pm (Mumbai- Indian Time) I agree with the comments below of Sarah February 9th, 2010 at 7:28 pm. & Bee September 10th, 2009 at 1:27 pm. It is really insane and uncivilized manners of the people of the early books, they fought in the name of religions for their own benefits, There are so many examples of Islam being the religion of peace, Islam does not spread with the force of swords, If so, then not a single Hindu of India had been left without converted to Islam, look at the history of Indian Moghul Periods, before the Moghuls, the companions (Sahaba e Rasool SWS) of the Prophet Mohammed Peace Be upon Him, gone through out the world to spread Islam, not with swords but with their Model characters inspired by their Prophet Mohammed Peace Upon Him. The propaganda of spreading Islam with Swords is the demon/devil thinking of the non believers, who for their own benefits misguided the world's NonMuslims, so that they can rule the world as they like, But swear upon "Almighty Allaah Subhana Wa Taalaah" Islam is the foremost old religion and it will remain forever by HIS willing, We Muslims, if we r on right paths as guided in Quran (The last testaments) and as guided by our Prophets Sayings, We will be saved by HIM, other wise Islam the religion of Allaah, HE will any how save HIS religion. I will remind U all Nonbelievers (Non Muslims), that there so many incidents, so many histories that the books before Quran has alarmed the Nonbelievers about the coming of last Prophet to this world and after that the prophesy will be closed by Almighty Allaah. It is the responsibility of all the Muslims of this era to shoulder upon the teachings of Prophet Mohammed Peace be upon Him, and to think positively about the welfare of this world’s creatures who are on wrong paths/misguided by Non believers, so that We the world’s creatures rest in peace here after. And before the day of Judgment, Isaa Alai hey salaam (Jesus Christ as Non Muslim refer to Him) will appear in this world, and will perform congressional prayers, as Imam (the prayer’s leader) followed behind Him by all the scholars of Islam, Believers of Islam. And then Isaa Alai hey salaam will announce by referring to the people who mistook Him as Son of God, and as God, He will announce “There is no God only Allaah and I witness Prophet Mohammed Peace be upon Him, HIS messenger”. Then only the Non Believers will realize, how they were misguided/cheated by their own Religion’s scholars, from the bounty and pleasures of the HEREAFTER.

Sarah says

Feb 10th, 2010 at 12am
This Church is in city of Sedelik, Czech Republic!!! See it for yourself hatemonger!! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y258YjexWys These bones are of Muslims!!! Your men fought the Turks and brought back home their bones as trophies!! You people are sick, monsters, satan worshipers!!!! Read up on your religion, the fallacy of trinity, the celebration of christmas, easter, are all pagan rituals!!! I pray someone tears down that Church and gives the Muslims the respect burial that they deserve!! amen.

CrnPan says

Nov 18th, 2009 at 12am
Cele kula - Skull tower, in Nish, Serbia, built by the Turks from heads of defeated Serb army. 952 skulls. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skull_Tower

reb says

Nov 2nd, 2009 at 12am
Not that wierd, check out Kutna Hora (sp?) in the czech republic. Has thousands of plague victim bones turned into furniture and decorations.

piccolo tejano says

Oct 4th, 2009 at 12am
The church (the basement altar) in the Czech Republic is in KuntaHora and is covered with bones on every wall and in garlands and bone made chandelliers.

Bee says

Sep 10th, 2009 at 12am
So Untrue, Your crusaders came to Muslims lands only to kill people all around, Islam does not force people to convert, this is one of the basics of the religion. to proof it, you can still find Christians in Palestine, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Egypt. See what Christians did in Spain and in Jerusalem. I cannot believe this story. Muslims respect other religions, Especially those who are the people of the book (Christians and Jew). Please read more before accusing Islam. would like to know more? go to www.islamstory.com or www.islamway.com

uncommon says

Jul 26th, 2009 at 12am
The crusades were reactionary in defense of christians living within Jerusalem and the surrounding lands who were being killed or forced to convert to Islam. They were also abused by those who sought power through control but the event itself started out as a christian reaction to muslim attacks. Don't be afraid of history beyond wikipedia.

brandon says

Jul 24th, 2009 at 12am
CyPontuo "Christiainity and will contniue to inspire people for peace and understanding until Jesus returns" Lol better Get your sign ready i hear his Magical fly boat is almost here.

Pedro Silva says

Jul 10th, 2009 at 12am
I think the Chapel of bones in Portugal is much bigger and macabre: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capela_dos_Ossos

Paffx says

Jun 9th, 2009 at 12am
there is a skull chapel in Kudowa Zdrój Poland and another one somwhere in Czech Republic